Bobcat (Felis rufus or
Lynx rufus)
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WHAT DO BOBCATS LOOK LIKE? Bobcats are about 2 feet tall and weigh 20 pounds. They are bigger than a house cat, but they are too
small to hunt and eat people. They are usually
light brown to reddish brown. Their fur is
spotted when they are babies, but the spots fade when they grow up. Bobcats have very short tails, only three to seven
inches long. Like house cats, they keep their
sharp claws inside their toes. So when they
leave a footprint, there are no claw marks. Dog
toenails do show up in footprints, so that’s a good way to tell fox and bobcat
footprints apart. Bobcats are curious, like
cats, but they are very shy and never come up to people.
They do not make good pets. Bobcats
have very sharp teeth and are carnivorous (eating only meat.) The bobcat’s scientific name, Felis, has to do with the cat family (felines). The scientific name for the house cat is Felis catus!
HOW DO THEY HUNT? Bobcats like to live in woods or grassy areas. They usually live alone on a territory that is from 5 - 50 miles long. They are nocturnal (night animals), and many of their prey are night animals too. They eat rabbits, rats, squirrels, ground birds, turkeys, and even small or sick deer. Sometimes they will kill and eat chickens or lambs on a farm. Bobcats can only eat about 3 pounds of meat at a time, so if they get a big animal like a deer, they will drag it to a safe spot and cover it up. Later they will come back, eating again and again, until the meat rots. They see and hear very well. This helps them hunt. The soft pads on their feet help them to sneak up on an animal quietly. Bobcats also hide in bushes, then leap out when a rabbit or a squirrel runs by. They use their claws to catch the animal, then kill their prey by biting the animal’s neck. Bobcats can run up to 30 miles per hour, but they usually walk. They put their back feet in the same spots where their front feet stepped. That way, they don’t make so much noise by snapping extra twigs under their feet. Bobcats climb well. They can also swim, but they prefer not to.
WHAT ABOUT BABY BOBCATS? Bobcats like to make their dens under fallen logs
or under the root mass of a fallen tree. When
the mother has babies, she has to find a dry den that her babies will be safe in. In the spring, two or three kittens are born. The mother (but not the father) takes care of them. As they grow, she will bring live animals (like
mice) back to the den, so the kittens can practice hunting.
When the kittens are two months old, they don’t need milk anymore and
can eat adult food. They stay with their
mother until the fall. By then, they are
half-grown and weigh about twelve pounds. They
are ready to live on their own. Bobcats live
to be ten or twelve years old.
Resources:
Animal Tracking and Behavior. Donald & Lilian Stokes. Little, Brown and Company. Boston. 1986.
Complete Guide to Game Animals. Leonard Lee Rue III. Grolier Book Clubs, Inc. USA. 1981.
The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mammals. Alfred A Knopf, Inc. New York. 1993.Provided by the Pelotes Island Nature Preserve
http://pelotes.jea.com